Fusidic Acid: What is it and how does it work?
Fusidic acid is a topical antibiotic widely used in the treatment of bacterial skin infections. It belongs to the steroid class of antimicrobials and is effective against a wide range of Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Corynebacterium minutissimum.
Mechanism of action of fusidic acid
Fusidic acid inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by interfering with the binding of elongation factor G (EF-G) to the ribosome. This prevents ribosome translocation along mRNA and, consequently, the synthesis of essential bacterial proteins. Fusidic acid also inhibits the formation of the protein synthesis initiation complex, further reducing bacterial protein production.
Indications for use of fusidic acid
Fusidic acid is indicated for the treatment of various skin infections, including impetigo, folliculitis, furunculosis, cellulitis, and erysipelas. It can also be used to treat secondary infections in eczema, dermatitis, and other skin lesions. Fusidic acid can also be used as an adjunctive therapy in cases of acne and rosacea, helping to reduce inflammation and bacterial proliferation.
Directions for use and dosage
Fusidic acid is available in different dosage forms, including ointments, creams, and gels. The most common form of administration is topical application of the medication to the affected area, following the doctor's or pharmacist's instructions. Generally, fusidic acid should be applied two to three times a day for 7 to 14 days, depending on the severity of the infection.
Side effects and contraindications
Fusidic acid is generally well tolerated, but it can cause some side effects, such as local irritation, itching, redness, and a burning sensation. In rare cases, more severe allergic reactions, such as hives, swelling, and difficulty breathing, may occur. Fusidic acid should not be used in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug or any component of the formulation.
Drug interactions
Fusidic acid can interact with other medications, especially those metabolized by cytochrome P450. Therefore, it's important to inform your doctor about all medications you're taking, including over-the-counter medications, dietary supplements, and natural products. Your doctor may be able to adjust your dose or substitute a medication if necessary.
Precautions for use
Before starting treatment with fusidic acid, it is important to inform your doctor of any pre-existing medical conditions, especially liver or kidney disease. Additionally, it is important to avoid contact of the medication with the eyes, mouth, nose, and other mucous membranes, as it can cause irritation. If accidental contact occurs, wash the area thoroughly with running water.
Storage and shelf life of fusidic acid
Fusidic acid should be stored at room temperature, protected from light and moisture. Check the medication's expiration date before use and dispose of it properly after treatment is complete or when it expires. Do not use expired medications, as they may not be effective and pose health risks.
Final considerations
Fusidic acid is a topical antibiotic effective in treating bacterial skin infections. Its mechanism of action inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, leading to bacterial death. It is important to follow your doctor's instructions regarding use and dosage, as well as inform your doctor about any pre-existing medical conditions or use of other medications. If you have any questions, always consult a healthcare professional.
