What is Cutis?
The cutis is the outermost layer of human skin, also known as the epidermis. It is responsible for protecting the body against external agents, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and ultraviolet radiation. In addition, the cutis plays a fundamental role in regulating body temperature and tactile sensation.
Skin Structure
The skin is made up of several layers, each with specific functions. The outermost layer is called the stratum corneum, which is made up of dead, keratinized cells. These cells form a protective barrier against water loss and the entry of harmful substances.
Below the stratum corneum, we find the stratum lucidum, which is a thin, translucent layer. Next, we have the stratum granulosum, where the cells begin to flatten and produce keratin, a protein that strengthens the skin.
The stratum spinosum is the next layer, composed of polygonal cells that are connected to each other by desmosomes. This layer plays an important role in the mechanical strength of the skin.
The basal layer, also known as the stratum germinativum, is the deepest layer of the epidermis. It is in this layer that cell renewal occurs, with cells dividing and migrating to the upper layers of the skin.
Functions of the Skin
The skin performs several functions that are essential for the functioning of the body. One of its main functions is to protect against external agents, such as pathogenic microorganisms and toxic substances. The barrier formed by the stratum corneum prevents the entry of these agents, preventing infections and irritations.
In addition, the skin also acts to regulate body temperature. Through perspiration, the skin helps to dissipate excess heat from the body, keeping it within a temperature range suitable for the proper functioning of the organs.
Tactile sensation is another important function of the skin. Through the sensory receptors present in the skin, we are able to feel different stimuli, such as heat, cold, pressure and pain. This ability allows us to interact with the environment around us and protect ourselves from possible damage.
Skin Problems Related to Cutis
The skin is subject to a number of skin problems that can affect its health and appearance. One of the most common problems is acne, which occurs due to the accumulation of sebum and dead cells in the pores of the skin. Acne can cause inflammation, redness and the formation of pimples.
Another common problem is dermatitis, an inflammation of the skin that can be caused by allergies, irritations, or infections. Dermatitis can cause itching, redness, flaking, and blistering of the skin.
Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that causes red, scaly patches to appear. These patches can be itchy and painful and usually affect the scalp, elbows, knees, and lower back.
Skin Care
To maintain healthy skin, it is important to adopt a skin care routine. This includes daily cleansing with appropriate products, such as gentle, fragrance-free soaps.
The use of sunscreen is also essential to protect the skin from damage caused by ultraviolet radiation. It is recommended to apply sunscreen daily, even on cloudy or rainy days.
Moisturizing your skin regularly is also important to keep your complexion healthy. Using moisturizers can help prevent dry, flaky skin.
Conclusion
The dermis is the outermost layer of human skin and performs several essential functions for the functioning of the body. It protects the body from external agents, regulates body temperature and allows for tactile sensation. However, the dermis is subject to skin problems such as acne, dermatitis and psoriasis. To maintain the health of the skin, it is important to adopt a skin care routine, including daily cleansing, use of sunscreen and regular moisturizing.
